Methocarbamol

Unit Dose Services
Unit Dose Services

Methocarbamol Tablets

FULL PRESCRIBING INFORMATION: CONTENTS*

• METHOCARBAMOL TABLET

FULL PRESCRIBING INFORMATION

METHOCARBAMOL TABLETS, USP

Rev. 03/11

Rx Only

Methocarbamol Tablets, USP, a carbamate derivative of guaifenesin, are a central nervous system (CNS) depressant with sedative and musculoskeletal relaxant properties. The structural formula is:

The chemical name for Methocarbamol is 3-(2-Methoxyphenoxy)-1,2-propanediol 1-carbamate and has the empirical formula C H NO . Its molecular weight is 241.24. _{11 15 5}

Methocarbamol is a white powder, sparingly soluble in water and chloroform, soluble in alcohol (only with heating) and propylene glycol, and insoluble in benzene and -hexane. n

Each tablet, for oral administration, contains 500 mg or 750 mg of methocarbamol, USP. In addition each tablet contains the following inactive ingredients: Colloidal Silicon Dioxide, Lactose Monohydrate, Magnesium Stearate, Methylcellulose, Microcrystalline Cellulose, Pregelatinized Starch and Sodium Starch Glycolate.

The mechanism of action of methocarbamol in humans has not been established, but may be due to general central nervous system (CNS) depression. It has no direct action on the contractile mechanism of striated muscle, the motor end plate or the nerve fiber.

In healthy volunteers, the plasma clearance of methocarbamol ranges between 0.20 and 0.80 L/h/kg, the mean plasma elimination half-life ranges between 1 and 2 hours, and the plasma protein binding ranges between 46% and 50%.

Methocarbamol is metabolized via dealkylation and hydroxylation. Conjugation of methocarbamol also is likely. Essentially all methocarbamol metabolites are eliminated in the urine. Small amounts of unchanged methocarbamol also are excreted in the urine.

The mean (± SD) elimination half-life of methocarbamol in elderly healthy volunteers (mean (± SD) age, 69 (± 4) years) was slightly prolonged compared to a younger (mean (± SD) age, 53.3 (± 8.8) years), healthy population (1.5 (±0.4) hours versus 1.1 (±0.27) hours, respectively). The fraction of bound methocarbamol was slightly decreased in the elderly versus younger volunteers (41 to 43% versus 46 to 50%, respectively).

The clearance of methocarbamol in 8 renally-impaired patients on maintenance hemodialysis was reduced about 40% compared to 17 normal subjects, although the mean (±SD) elimination half-life in these two groups was similar: 1.2 (±0.6) versus 1.1 (±0.3) hours, respectively.

In 8 patients with cirrhosis secondary to alcohol abuse, the mean total clearance of methocarbamol was reduced approximately 70% compared to that obtained in 8 age- and weight-matched normal subjects. The mean (±SD) elimination half-life in the cirrhotic patients and the normal subjects was 3.38 (±1.62) hours and 1.11 (±0.27) hours, respectively. The percent of methocarbamol bound to plasma proteins was decreased to approximately 40 to 45% compared to 46 to 50% in the normal subjects.

Methocarbamol Tablets are indicated as an adjunct to rest, physical therapy, and other measures for the relief of discomfort associated with acute, painful musculoskeletal conditions. The mode of action of methocarbamol has not been clearly identified, but may be related to its sedative properties. Methocarbamol does not directly relax tense skeletal muscles in man.

Methocarbamol Tablets are contraindicated in patients hypersensitive to methocarbamol or to any of the tablet components.

Since methocarbamol may possess a general CNS depressant effect, patients receiving Methocarbamol Tablets should be cautioned about combined effects with alcohol and other CNS depressants.

Safe use of Methocarbamol Tablets has not been established with regard to possible adverse effects upon fetal development.  There have been reports of fetal and congenital abnormalities following exposure to methocarbamol. Therefore, Methocarbamol Tablets should not be used in women who are or may become pregnant and particularly during early pregnancy unless in the judgment of the physician the potential benefits outweigh the possible hazards (see ). in utero PRECAUTIONS : Pregnancy

Methocarbamol may impair mental and/or physical abilities required for performance of hazardous tasks, such as operating machinery or driving a motor vehicle. Patients should be cautioned about operating machinery, including automobiles, until they are reasonably certain that methocarbamol therapy does not adversely affect their ability to engage in such activities.

Patients should be cautioned that methocarbamol may cause drowsiness or dizziness, which may impair their ability to operate motor vehicles or machinery.

Because methocarbamol may possess a general CNS-depressant effect, patients should be cautioned about combined effects with alcohol and other CNS depressants.

See and for interaction with CNS drugs and alcohol. WARNINGS     PRECAUTIONS  

Methocarbamol may inhibit the effect of pyridostigmine bromide. Therefore, methocarbamol should be used with caution in patients with myasthenia gravis receiving anticholinesterase agents.

Methocarbamol may cause a color interference in certain screening tests for 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) using nitrosonaphthol reagent and in screening tests for urinary vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) using the Gitlow method.

Long-term studies to evaluate the carcinogenic potential of methocarbamol have not been performed. No studies have been conducted to assess the effect of methocarbamol on mutagenesis or its potential to impair fertility.

Pregnancy Category C

Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with methocarbamol. It is also not known whether methocarbamol can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman or can affect reproduction capacity.  Methocarbamol Tablets should be given to a pregnant woman only if clearly needed.

Safe use of Methocarbamol Tablets has not been established with regard to possible adverse effects upon fetal development. There have been reports of fetal and congential abnormalities following exposure to methocarbamol. Therefore, Methocarbamol Tablets should not be used in women who are or may become pregnant and particularly during early pregnancy unless in the judgment of the physician the potential benefits outweigh the possible hazards (see ). in utero WARNINGS

Methocarbamol and/or its metabolites are excreted in the milk of dogs; however, it is not known whether methocarbamol or its metabolites are excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when Methocarbamol Tablets are administered to a nursing woman.

Safety and effectiveness of Methocarbamol Tablets in pediatric patients below the age of 16 have not been established.

Adverse reactions reported coincident with the administration of methocarbamol include:

Anaphylactic reaction, angioneurotic edema, fever, headache Body as a Whole :

Bradycardia, flushing, hypotension, syncope, thrombophlebitis Car d iovascular System :

Dyspepsia, jaundice (including cholestatic jaundice), nausea and vomiting Digestive System :

Leukopenia Hemic and Lymphatic S ystem :   

Hypersensitivity reactions Immune System :  

Amnesia, confusion, diplopia, dizziness or lightheadedness, drowsiness, insomnia, mild muscular incoordination, nystagmus, sedation, seizures (including grand mal), vertigo Nervous System :  

Blurred vision, conjunctivitis, nasal congestion, metallic taste, pruritus, rash, urticaria Skin and Special Senses :  

To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact West-ward Pharmaceutical Corp. at 1-877-233-2001, or the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or . www.fda.gov/medwatch

Limited information is available on the acute toxicity of methocarbamol. Overdose of methocarbamol is frequently in conjunction with alcohol or other CNS depressants and includes the following symptoms: nausea, drowsiness, blurred vision, hypotension, seizures, and coma.

In post-marketing experience, deaths have been reported with an overdose of methocarbamol alone or in the presence of other CNS depressants, alcohol or psychotropic drugs.

Management of overdose includes symptomatic and supportive treatment. Supportive measures include maintenance of an adequate airway, monitoring urinary output and vital signs, and administration of intravenous fluids if necessary. The usefulness of hemodialysis in managing overdose is unknown.

Initial dosage, 3 tablets q.i.d.; maintenance dosage, 2 tablets q.i.d. Initial dosage, 2 tablets q.i.d.; maintenance dosage, 1 tablet q.4h. or 2 tablets t.i.d. 500 mg – Adults:
750 mg – Adults:

Six grams a day are recommended for the first 48 to 72 hours of treatment. (For severe conditions 8 grams a day may be administered.) Thereafter, the dosage can usually be reduced to approximately 4 grams a day.

METHOCARBAMOL TABLET