Ofirmev

Cadence Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

HIGHLIGHTS OF PRESCRIBING INFORMATIONThese highlights do not include all the information needed to use OFIRMEV safely and effectively. See full prescribing information for OFIRMEV. OFIRMEV (acetaminophen) Injection Initial U.S. Approval: 1951BOXED WARNING WARNING: RISK OF MEDICATION ERRORS AND HEPATOTOXICITY See full prescribing information for complete boxed warning Take care when prescribing, preparing, and administering OFIRMEV Injection to avoid dosing errors which could result in accidental overdose and death. OFIRMEV contains acetaminophen. Acetaminophen has been associated with cases of acute liver failure, at times resulting in liver transplant and death. Most of the cases of liver injury are associated with the use of acetaminophen at doses that exceed the recommended maximum daily limits, and often involve more than one acetaminophen-containing product (see WARNINGS). RECENT MAJOR CHANGESBoxed Warning    10/2013Dosage and Administration  General Dosing Information (2.1)    10/2013  Recommended Dosage: Adults and Adolescents (2.2)    10/2013  Recommended Dosage: Children (2.3)    10/2013Warnings and Precautions  Hepatic Injury (5.1)    10/2013  Serious Skin Reactions (5.2)    10/2013  Risk of Medication Errors (5.3)    10/2013INDICATIONS AND USAGEOFIRMEV (acetaminophen) injection is indicated for the Management of mild to moderate pain (1) Management of moderate to severe pain with adjunctive opioid analgesics (1) Reduction of fever (1) DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION OFIRMEV may be given as a single or repeated dose. (2.1) OFIRMEV should be administered only as a 15-minute intravenous infusion. (2.4) Adults and Adolescents Weighing 50 kg and Over: 1000 mg every 6 hours or 650 mg every 4 hours to a maximum of 4000 mg per day. Minimum dosing interval of 4 hours. (2.2) Adults and Adolescents Weighing Under 50 kg: 15 mg/kg every 6 hours or 12.5 mg/kg every 4 hours to a maximum of 75 mg/kg per day. Minimum dosing interval of 4 hours. (2.2) Children: Children 2 to 12 years of age: 15 mg/kg every 6 hours or 12.5 mg/kg every 4 hours to a maximum of 75 mg/kg per day. Minimum dosing interval of 4 hours. (2.3) DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS Injection for intravenous infusion. Each 100 mL glass vial contains 1000 mg acetaminophen (10 mg/mL). (3) CONTRAINDICATIONSAcetaminophen is contraindicated: In patients with known hypersensitivity to acetaminophen or to any of the excipients in the IV formulation. (4) In patients with severe hepatic impairment or severe active liver disease. (4) WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Administration of acetaminophen in doses higher than recommended (by all routes of administration and from all acetaminophen-containing products including combination products) may result in hepatic injury, including the risk of liver failure and death. (5.1) Do not exceed the maximum recommended daily dose of acetaminophen (by all routes of administration and all acetaminophen-containing products including combination products). (5.1) Take care when prescribing, preparing, and administering OFIRMEV injection to avoid dosing errors which could result in accidental overdose and death. (5.3) Use caution when administering acetaminophen in patients with the following conditions: hepatic impairment or active hepatic disease, in cases of alcoholism, chronic malnutrition, severe hypovolemia, or severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance ≤ 30 mL/min). (5.1) Discontinue OFIRMEV immediately at the first appearance of skin rash and if symptoms associated with allergy or hypersensitivity occur. Do not use in patients with acetaminophen allergy. (5.2, 5.4) Side EffectsThe most common adverse reactions in patients treated with OFIRMEV were nausea, vomiting, headache, and insomnia in adult patients and nausea, vomiting, constipation, pruritus, agitation, and atelectasis in pediatric patients. (6.1) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Cadence Pharmaceuticals Inc. at 1-877-647-2239 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch . DRUG INTERACTIONS Substances that induce or regulate hepatic cytochrome enzyme CYP2E1 may alter the metabolism of acetaminophen and increase its hepatotoxic potential. (7.1) Chronic oral acetaminophen use at a dose of 4000 mg/day has been shown to cause an increase in international normalized ratio (INR) in some patients who have been stabilized on sodium warfarin as an anticoagulant. (7.2) USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS Pregnancy: Category C. There are no studies of intravenous acetaminophen in pregnant women. Use only if clearly needed. (8.1) Nursing Mothers: Caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing woman. (8.3) Pediatric Use: The effectiveness of OFIRMEV for the treatment of acute pain and fever has not been studied in pediatric patients less than 2 years of age. The safety and effectiveness of OFIRMEV in pediatric patients older than 2 years is supported by evidence from adequate and well controlled studies in adults with additional safety and pharmacokinetic data for this age group. (8.4) Geriatric Use: No overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between geriatric and younger subjects. (8.5) Hepatic Impairment: OFIRMEV is contraindicated in patients with severe hepatic impairment or severe active liver disease and should be used with caution in patients with hepatic impairment or active liver disease. (4, 5.1, 8.6) Renal Impairment: In cases of severe renal impairment, longer dosing intervals and a reduced total daily dose of acetaminophen may be warranted. (5.1, 8.7)

FULL PRESCRIBING INFORMATION: CONTENTS*

• WARNING: RISK OF MEDICATION ERRORS AND HEPATOTOXICITY
• 1 OFIRMEV INDICATIONS AND USAGE
• 2 OFIRMEV DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
  • 2.1 General Dosing Information
  • 2.2 Recommended Dosage: Adults and Adolescents
  • 2.3 Recommended Dosage: Children
  • 2.4 Instructions for Intravenous Administration
• 3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS
• 4 OFIRMEV CONTRAINDICATIONS
• 5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
  • 5.1 Hepatic Injury
  • 5.2 Serious Skin Reactions
  • 5.3 Risk of Medication Errors
  • 5.4 Allergy and Hypersensitivity
• 6 OFIRMEV ADVERSE REACTIONS
  • 6.1 Clinical Trial Experience
• 7 DRUG INTERACTIONS
  • 7.1 Effects of other Substances on Acetaminophen
  • 7.2 Anticoagulants
• 8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS
  • 8.1 Pregnancy
  • 8.2 Labor and Delivery
  • 8.3 Nursing Mothers
  • 8.4 Pediatric Use
  • 8.5 Geriatric Use
  • 8.6 Patients with Hepatic Impairment
  • 8.7 Patients with Renal Impairment
• 10 OVERDOSAGE
• 11 OFIRMEV DESCRIPTION
• 12 CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
  • 12.1 Mechanism of Action
  • 12.2 Pharmacodynamics
  • 12.3 Pharmacokinetics
• 13 NONCLINICAL TOXICOLOGY
  • 13.1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility
• 14 CLINICAL STUDIES
  • 14.1 Adult Acute Pain
  • 14.2 Adult Fever
  • 14.3 Pediatric Acute Pain and Fever
• 16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING

FULL PRESCRIBING INFORMATION

1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE

OFIRMEV^® (acetaminophen) injection is indicated for

• the management of mild to moderate pain
• the management of moderate to severe pain with adjunctive opioid analgesics
• the reduction of fever.

2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

2.1 General Dosing Information

OFIRMEV may be given as a single or repeated dose for the treatment of acute pain or fever. No dose adjustment is required when converting between oral acetaminophen and OFIRMEV dosing in adults and adolescents who weigh 50 kg and above. Calculated maximum daily dose of acetaminophen is based on all routes of administration (i.e., intravenous, oral, and rectal) and all products containing acetaminophen. Exceeding the maximum mg/kg daily dose of acetaminophen as described in Tables 1 and 2 may result in hepatic injury, including the risk of liver failure and death. To avoid the risk of overdose, ensure that the total amount of acetaminophen from all routes and from all sources does not exceed the maximum recommended dose.

2.2 Recommended Dosage: Adults and Adolescents

Adults and adolescents weighing 50 kg and over: the recommended dosage of OFIRMEV is 1000 mg every 6 hours or 650 mg every 4 hours, with a maximum single dose of OFIRMEV of 1000 mg, a minimum dosing interval of 4 hours, and a maximum daily dose of acetaminophen of 4000 mg per day (includes all routes of administration and all acetaminophen-containing products including combination products).

Adults and adolescents weighing under 50 kg: the recommended dosage of OFIRMEV is 15 mg/kg every 6 hours or 12.5 mg/kg every 4 hours, with a maximum single dose of OFIRMEV of 15 mg/kg, a minimum dosing interval of 4 hours, and a maximum daily dose of acetaminophen of 75 mg/kg per day (includes all routes of administration and all acetaminophen-containing products including combination products).

2.3 Recommended Dosage: Children

Children 2 to 12 years of age: the recommended dosage of OFIRMEV is 15 mg/kg every 6 hours or 12.5 mg/kg every 4 hours, with a maximum single dose of OFIRMEV of 15 mg/kg, a minimum dosing interval of 4 hours, and a maximum daily dose of acetaminophen of 75 mg/kg per day.

2.4 Instructions for Intravenous Administration

For adult and adolescent patients weighing ≥ 50 kg requiring 1000 mg doses of OFIRMEV, administer the dose by inserting a vented intravenous set through the septum of the 100 mL vial. OFIRMEV may be administered without further dilution. Examine the vial contents before dose preparation or administering. DO NOT USE if particulate matter or discoloration is observed. Administer the contents of the vial intravenously over 15-minutes. Use aseptic technique when preparing OFIRMEV for intravenous infusion. Do not add other medications to the OFIRMEV vial or infusion device.

For doses less than 1000 mg, the appropriate dose must be withdrawn from the vial and placed into a separate container prior to administration. Using aseptic technique, withdraw the appropriate dose (650 mg or weight-based) from an intact sealed OFIRMEV vial and place the measured dose in a separate empty, sterile container (e.g. glass bottle, plastic intravenous container, or syringe) for intravenous infusion to avoid the inadvertent delivery and administration of the total volume of the commercially available container. The entire 100 mL vial of OFIRMEV is not intended for use in patients weighing less than 50 kg. OFIRMEV is a single-use vial and the unused portion must be discarded.

Place small volume pediatric doses up to 60 mL in volume in a syringe and administer over 15 minutes using a syringe pump.

Monitor the end of the infusion in order to prevent the possibility of an air embolism, especially in cases where the OFIRMEV infusion is the primary infusion.

Once the vacuum seal of the glass vial has been penetrated, or the contents transferred to another container, administer the dose of OFIRMEV within 6 hours.

Do not add other medications to the OFIRMEV solution. Diazepam and chlorpromazine hydrochloride are physically incompatible with OFIRMEV, therefore do not administer simultaneously.

3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS

OFIRMEV is a sterile, clear, colorless, non pyrogenic, preservative free, isotonic formulation of acetaminophen intended for intravenous infusion. Each 100 mL glass vial contains 1000 mg acetaminophen (10 mg/mL).

4 CONTRAINDICATIONS

Acetaminophen is contraindicated:

• in patients with known hypersensitivity to acetaminophen or to any of the excipients in the intravenous formulation.
• in patients with severe hepatic impairment or severe active liver disease [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS (5.1)].

5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS

5.1 Hepatic Injury

Administration of acetaminophen in doses higher than recommended may result in hepatic injury, including the risk of liver failure and death [see OVERDOSAGE (10)]. Do not exceed the maximum recommended daily dose of acetaminophen [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION (2)]. The maximum recommended daily dose of acetaminophen includes all routes of acetaminophen administration and all acetaminophen-containing products administered, including combination products.

Use caution when administering acetaminophen in patients with the following conditions: hepatic impairment or active hepatic disease, alcoholism, chronic malnutrition, severe hypovolemia (e.g., due to dehydration or blood loss), or severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance ≤ 30 mL/min) [see USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS (8.6, 8.7)].

5.2 Serious Skin Reactions

Rarely, acetaminophen may cause serious skin reactions such as acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP), Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS), and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), which can be fatal. Patients should be informed about the signs of serious skin reactions, and use of the drug should be discontinued at the first appearance of skin rash or any other sign of hypersensitivity.

5.3 Risk of Medication Errors

Take care when prescribing, preparing, and administering OFIRMEV (acetaminophen) Injection in order to avoid dosing errors which could result in accidental overdose and death. In particular, be careful to ensure that:

• the dose in milligrams (mg) and milliliters (mL) is not confused;
• the dosing is based on weight for patients under 50 kg;
• infusion pumps are properly programmed; and
• the total daily dose of acetaminophen from all sources does not exceed maximum daily limits [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION (2)].

5.4 Allergy and Hypersensitivity

There have been post-marketing reports of hypersensitivity and anaphylaxis associated with the use of acetaminophen. Clinical signs included swelling of the face, mouth, and throat, respiratory distress, urticaria, rash, and pruritus. There were infrequent reports of life-threatening anaphylaxis requiring emergent medical attention. Discontinue OFIRMEV immediately if symptoms associated with allergy or hypersensitivity occur. Do not use OFIRMEV in patients with acetaminophen allergy.

6 ADVERSE REACTIONS

The following serious adverse reactions are discussed elsewhere in the labeling:

• Hepatic Injury [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS (5.1)]
• Serious Skin Reactions [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS (5.2)]
• Allergy and Hypersensitivity [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS (5.4)]

6.1 Clinical Trial Experience

Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed cannot be directly compared to rates in other clinical trials and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

Adult Population

A total of 1020 adult patients have received OFIRMEV in clinical trials, including 37.3% (n=380) who received 5 or more doses, and 17.0% (n=173) who received more than 10 doses. Most patients were treated with OFIRMEV 1000 mg every 6 hours. A total of 13.1% (n=134) received OFIRMEV 650 mg every 4 hours.

All adverse reactions that occurred in adult patients treated with either OFIRMEV or placebo in repeated dose, placebo-controlled clinical trials at an incidence ≥ 3% and at a greater frequency than placebo are listed in Table 3. The most common adverse events in adult patients treated with OFIRMEV (incidence ≥ 5% and greater than placebo) were nausea, vomiting, headache, and insomnia.

Other Adverse Reactions Observed During Clinical Studies of OFIRMEV in Adults

The following additional treatment-emergent adverse reactions were reported by adult subjects treated with OFIRMEV in all clinical trials (n=1020) that occurred with an incidence of at least 1% and at a frequency greater than placebo (n=525).

Blood and lymphatic system disorders: anemia

General disorders and administration site conditions: fatigue, infusion site pain, edema peripheral

Investigations: aspartate aminotransferase increased, breath sounds abnormal

Metabolism and nutrition disorders: hypokalemia

Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders: muscle spasms, trismus

Psychiatric disorders: anxiety

Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders: dyspnea

Vascular disorders: hypertension, hypotension

Pediatric population

A total of 355 pediatric patients (47 neonates, 64 infants, 171 children, and 73 adolescents) have received OFIRMEV in active-controlled (n=250) and open-label clinical trials (n=225), including 59.7% (n=212) who received 5 or more doses and 43.1% (n=153) who received more than 10 doses. Pediatric patients received OFIRMEV doses up to 15 mg/kg on an every 4 hours, every 6 hours, or every 8 hours schedule. The maximum exposure was 7.7, 6.4, 6.8, and 7.1 days in neonates, infants, children, and adolescents, respectively.

The most common adverse events (incidence ≥ 5%) in pediatric patients treated with OFIRMEV were nausea, vomiting, constipation, pruritus, agitation, and atelectasis.

Other Adverse Reactions Observed During Clinical Studies of OFIRMEV in Pediatrics

The following additional treatment-emergent adverse reactions were reported by pediatric subjects treated with OFIRMEV (n=355) that occurred with an incidence of at least 1%.

Blood and lymphatic system disorders: anemia

Cardiac disorders: tachycardia

Gastrointestinal disorders: abdominal pain, diarrhea

General disorders and administration site conditions: injection site pain, edema peripheral, pyrexia

Investigations: hepatic enzyme increase

Metabolism and nutrition disorders: hypoalbuminemia, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hypophosphatemia, hypervolemia

Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders: muscle spasm, pain in extremity

Nervous system disorders: headache

Psychiatric disorders: insomnia

Renal and urinary disorders: oliguria

Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders: pulmonary edema, hypoxia, pleural effusion, stridor, wheezing

Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: periorbital edema, rash

Vascular disorders: hypertension, hypotension

7 DRUG INTERACTIONS

7.1 Effects of other Substances on Acetaminophen

Substances that induce or regulate hepatic cytochrome enzyme CYP2E1 may alter the metabolism of acetaminophen and increase its hepatotoxic potential. The clinical consequences of these effects have not been established. Effects of ethanol are complex, because excessive alcohol usage can induce hepatic cytochromes, but ethanol also acts as a competitive inhibitor of the metabolism of acetaminophen.

7.2 Anticoagulants

Chronic oral acetaminophen use at a dose of 4000 mg/day has been shown to cause an increase in international normalized ratio (INR) in some patients who have been stabilized on sodium warfarin as an anticoagulant. As no studies have been performed evaluating the short-term use of OFIRMEV in patients on oral anticoagulants, more frequent assessment of INR may be appropriate in such circumstances.

8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS

8.1 Pregnancy

Pregnancy Category C. There are no studies of intravenous acetaminophen in pregnant women; however, epidemiological data on oral acetaminophen use in pregnant women show no increased risk of major congenital malformations. Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with IV acetaminophen, and it is not known whether OFIRMEV can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. OFIRMEV should be given to a pregnant woman only if clearly needed.

The results from a large population-based prospective cohort, including data from 26,424 women with live born singletons who were exposed to oral acetaminophen during the first trimester, indicate no increased risk for congenital malformations, compared to a control group of unexposed children. The rate of congenital malformations (4.3%) was similar to the rate in the general population. A population-based, case-control study from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study showed that 11,610 children with prenatal exposure to acetaminophen during the first trimester had no increased risk of major birth defects compared to 4,500 children in the control group. Other epidemiological data showed similar results.

While animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with intravenous acetaminophen, studies in pregnant rats that received oral acetaminophen during organogenesis at doses up to 0.85 times the maximum human daily dose (MHDD = 4 grams/day, based on a body surface area comparison) showed evidence of fetotoxicity (reduced fetal weight and length) and a dose-related increase in bone variations (reduced ossification and rudimentary rib changes). Offspring had no evidence of external, visceral, or skeletal malformations. When pregnant rats received oral acetaminophen throughout gestation at doses of 1.2-times the MHDD (based on a body surface area comparison), areas of necrosis occurred in both the liver and kidney of pregnant rats and fetuses. These effects did not occur in animals that received oral acetaminophen at doses 0.3-times the MHDD, based on a body surface area comparison.

In a continuous breeding study, pregnant mice received 0.25, 0.5, or 1.0% acetaminophen via the diet (357, 715, or 1430 mg/kg/day). These doses are approximately 0.43, 0.87, and 1.7 times the MHDD, respectively, based on a body surface area comparison. A dose-related reduction in body weights of fourth and fifth litter offspring of the treated mating pair occurred during lactation and post-weaning at all doses. Animals in the high dose group had a reduced number of litters per mating pair, male offspring with an increased percentage of abnormal sperm, and reduced birth weights in the next generation pups.

8.2 Labor and Delivery

There are no adequate and well-controlled studies with OFIRMEV during labor and delivery; therefore, it should be used in such settings only after a careful benefit-risk assessment.

8.3 Nursing Mothers

While studies with OFIRMEV have not been conducted, acetaminophen is secreted in human milk in small quantities after oral administration. Based on data from more than 15 nursing mothers, the calculated infant daily dose of acetaminophen is approximately 1 – 2% of the maternal dose. There is one well-documented report of a rash in a breast-fed infant that resolved when the mother stopped acetaminophen use and recurred when she resumed acetaminophen use. Caution should be exercised when OFIRMEV is administered to a nursing woman.

8.4 Pediatric Use

The safety and effectiveness of OFIRMEV for the treatment of acute pain and fever in pediatric patients ages 2 years and older is supported by evidence from adequate and well-controlled studies of OFIRMEV in adults. Additional safety and pharmacokinetic data were collected in 355 patients across the full pediatric age strata, from premature neonates (≥ 32 weeks post menstrual age) to adolescents. The effectiveness of OFIRMEV for the treatment of acute pain and fever has not been studied in pediatric patients < 2 years of age. [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION - Recommended Dosage: Children (2.3) and PHARMACOKINETICS (12.3)].

8.5 Geriatric Use

Of the total number of subjects in clinical studies of OFIRMEV, 15% were age 65 and over, while 5% were age 75 and over. No overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between these subjects and younger subjects, and other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients, but greater sensitivity of some older individuals cannot be ruled out.

8.6 Patients with Hepatic Impairment

Acetaminophen is contraindicated in patients with severe hepatic impairment or severe active liver disease and should be used with caution in patients with hepatic impairment or active liver disease [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS (5.1), CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY (12)]. A reduced total daily dose of acetaminophen may be warranted.

8.7 Patients with Renal Impairment

In cases of severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance ≤ 30 mL/min), longer dosing intervals and a reduced total daily dose of acetaminophen may be warranted.

10 OVERDOSAGE

Signs and Symptoms

In acute acetaminophen overdosage, dose-dependent, potentially fatal hepatic necrosis is the most serious adverse effect. Renal tubular necrosis, hypoglycemic coma, and thrombocytopenia may also occur. Plasma acetaminophen levels > 300 mcg/mL at 4 hours after oral ingestion were associated with hepatic damage in 90% of patients; minimal hepatic damage is anticipated if plasma levels at 4 hours are < 150 mcg/mL or < 37.5 mcg/mL at 12 hours after ingestion. Early symptoms following a potentially hepatotoxic overdose may include: nausea, vomiting, diaphoresis, and general malaise. Clinical and laboratory evidence of hepatic toxicity may not be apparent until 48 to 72 hours post-ingestion.

Treatment

If an acetaminophen overdose is suspected, obtain a serum acetaminophen assay as soon as possible, but no sooner than 4 hours following oral ingestion. Obtain liver function studies initially and repeat at 24-hour intervals. Administer the antidote N-acetylcysteine (NAC) as early as possible. As a guide to treatment of acute ingestion, the acetaminophen level can be plotted against time since oral ingestion on a nomogram (Rumack-Matthew). The lower toxic line on the nomogram is equivalent to 150 mcg/mL at 4 hours and 37.5 mcg/mL at 12 hours. If serum level is above the lower line, administer the entire course of NAC treatment. Withhold NAC therapy if the acetaminophen level is below the lower line.

For additional information, call a poison control center at 1-800-222-1222.

11 DESCRIPTION

Acetaminophen is a non-salicylate antipyretic and non-opioid analgesic agent. Its chemical name is N-acetyl-p-aminophenol. Acetaminophen has a molecular weight of 151.16. Its structural formula is: